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GO与http请求

 收录于 go
   约 1460 字   预计阅读 3 分钟    次阅读  
目录

参考

任务

用go写一个http请求，输入一个单词，通过对彩云小译发起网络请求，返回单词的翻译结果

过程

打开网站

输入单词good，点击翻译

打开开发者工具，找到对应的请求

https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/15c3aa9678344393967f5e15195c314c.png

现在用go来模拟这个请求，我们使用自动化工具生成代码

打开这个网站，右键对应的请求，选择copy as curl

https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/a8f8793fbf434492aabe37854bb3ab66.png 复制到那个网站中，就会自动生成代码

代码如下

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package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}
	var data = strings.NewReader(`{"trans_type":"en2zh","source":"good"}`)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("authority", "api.interpreter.caiyunai.com")
	req.Header.Set("accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("accept-language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("content-type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", `"Not_A Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="109", "Chromium";v="109"`)
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", `"macOS"`)
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("x-authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText)
}

运行之后可以输出结果

https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/07b179177a344cc68a6e03d302a6155b.png

将json数据写成结构体的形式，然后用序列化，代码改成

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package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: "good"}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request) //返回byte[]，所以后面调用bytes.NewReader
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText)
}

接下来从response中获得翻译结果

从response中可以看出它的结构还是挺复杂的

https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/d6f24ab2bf304f9397e41d78800a165d.png

我们使用自动化工具将json生成结构体，将response的内容复制到工具里，点击转换嵌套

在代码里使用unmarshal来反序列化，代码为

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package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

type DictResponse struct {
	Rc   int `json:"rc"`
	Wiki struct {
		KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
		Description     struct {
			Source string      `json:"source"`
			Target interface{} `json:"target"`
		} `json:"description"`
		ID   string `json:"id"`
		Item struct {
			Source string `json:"source"`
			Target string `json:"target"`
		} `json:"item"`
		ImageURL  string `json:"image_url"`
		IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
		Sitelink  string `json:"sitelink"`
	} `json:"wiki"`
	Dictionary struct {
		Prons struct {
			EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
			En   string `json:"en"`
		} `json:"prons"`
		Explanations []string      `json:"explanations"`
		Synonym      []string      `json:"synonym"`
		Antonym      []string      `json:"antonym"`
		WqxExample   [][]string    `json:"wqx_example"`
		Entry        string        `json:"entry"`
		Type         string        `json:"type"`
		Related      []interface{} `json:"related"`
		Source       string        `json:"source"`
	} `json:"dictionary"`
}

func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: "good"}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var dictResponse DictResponse
	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", dictResponse)
}

最后修缮代码，把输入变成软编码

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package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"os"
)

type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

type DictResponse struct {
	Rc   int `json:"rc"`
	Wiki struct {
		KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
		Description     struct {
			Source string      `json:"source"`
			Target interface{} `json:"target"`
		} `json:"description"`
		ID   string `json:"id"`
		Item struct {
			Source string `json:"source"`
			Target string `json:"target"`
		} `json:"item"`
		ImageURL  string `json:"image_url"`
		IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
		Sitelink  string `json:"sitelink"`
	} `json:"wiki"`
	Dictionary struct {
		Prons struct {
			EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
			En   string `json:"en"`
		} `json:"prons"`
		Explanations []string      `json:"explanations"`
		Synonym      []string      `json:"synonym"`
		Antonym      []string      `json:"antonym"`
		WqxExample   [][]string    `json:"wqx_example"`
		Entry        string        `json:"entry"`
		Type         string        `json:"type"`
		Related      []interface{} `json:"related"`
		Source       string        `json:"source"`
	} `json:"dictionary"`
}

func query(word string) {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: word}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
		log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.StatusCode, "body", string(bodyText))
	}
	var dictResponse DictResponse
	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(word, "UK:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)
	for _, item := range dictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {
		fmt.Println(item)
	}
}

func main() {
	if len(os.Args) != 2 {
		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD
example: simpleDict hello
		`)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	word := os.Args[1]
	query(word)
}
更新于 2023-02-07
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